The most basic conservative belief is that government should
be minimized. Government is viewed as
wasteful, inefficient, bureaucratic, controlling, tyrannical and prone to
corruption. Reagan’s famous quote, ‘The
nine most terrifying words in the English language are, I’m from the government
and I’m here to help’, is
the beloved expression of this antipathy toward government.
In some ways the
fear of ever-expanding government is very American and understandable. Who has not experienced the frustration of
being mired in some government bureaucracy trying to get something simple
accomplished? The trope of the indifferent
government official referring one to yet another department in an endless
search for the ‘right’ person is familiar to all of us.
There are three
major reasons why conservatives hate government. The first is that they believe every task
worth doing should be done as a part of the free market economy, thus providing
an impetus to efficiency and productivity.
Without the discipline of the profit motive and competition, they say,
government is doomed to be inefficient and ever-expanding.
The second reason
is that government limits freedom and liberty.
It is a conservative axiom that government regulations, taxes and
oversight are incursions on individuals and their businesses that hamper their creativity,
progress and growth.
The third reason
is that they believe passionately that government assistance, intercession,
guaranteed wage levels and safety nets (the dreaded ‘entitlement’ programs) contribute
to poverty, homelessness, unemployment and other societal ills by creating
dependencies and an impediment to work for the less motivated members of our
society.
I shall address each reason and try to be fair in evaluating
their legitimacy. Let us assume that
most conservatives understand that there is a need for some government. Only the extreme libertarians and anarchists
argue for zero government. The devil, as
always, is in the details.
The first valid reason to minimize government is its
inefficiency, its tendency to become bloated and its potential for
corruption. However, let us confess that
these potential pitfalls are not just associated with government, but rather
with every human enterprise of any size.
Even a typical for-profit company can fall prey to these ills. There are many for-profit companies whose businesses
are either monopolies or so profit-heavy that their growth is no longer linked
to profit and loss, and their efficiency is suspect. Lots of high-tech companies are in this
category. And the much-beloved voluntary
philanthropic institutions and churches that conservatives say should
substitute for government in helping the unfortunate are also operating without
the discipline of competition or any curbs on growth or efficiency.
Moreover, the temptations for corruption exist in every
company or institution. How many times
have corporations been caught in bribery scandals, illegal tax avoidance, price
fixing and other corrupt practices?
There is good reason to minimize government – conservatives have
a valid concern. But there are many
functions in a society that are not practical or appropriate for a competitive
marketplace. Balancing the need for
efficiency and minimal government with the need for societal projects and
benefits that do not lend themselves to the free market is a challenge that
requires careful analysis and bi-partisan negotiation, not scorched earth polemics.
In the end, the role that government plays must be
acknowledged and affirmed by conservatives and liberals should concede the
risks of it becoming bloated and inefficient.
There are ways to minimize inefficiency and entropy in government if
only congress were willing to work in good faith to address it.
On the topic of regulations, a similar balance must be
struck. Human greed and power-wielding run
rampant without some measure of oversight.
Environmental regulations, energy guidance toward a less carbon-oriented
energy future, curbs on banking and lending excesses, investment fair play and
tax-avoidance detection are all areas that must have some regulation to ensure
that the unscrupulous are kept in check.
Conservatives are correct to worry about excessive
regulation, as this can have a negative effect on businesses, entrepreneurship
and overall economic growth. Finding the
right balance requires data-driven, sober analysis. Casting one’s policy opponent as
anti-business, socialist, racist, or anti-science is tempting for political
soundbites, but in the end can only make the necessary cooperation more
difficult.
The third conservative criticism of government - that
entitlement programs, safety nets, and taxing the rich coddle the poor and
encourage the very behaviors and problems they attempt to fix – is a toxic
simplification of a complex issue. Conservatives
are certainly right that there are and will always be people who avoid hard
work and take advantage of the good-hearted and generous. No social program can completely eliminate the
risk of subsidizing some portion of these ne’er-do-wells.
However, in the complex, mutually-dependent, post-industrial
society that now defines most of the world, there is more risk than ever that
people will find themselves in dire straits through no fault of their own. My view on this topic is similar to the
age-old argument for legal protections:
it is better that ten guilty people go unpunished than that one innocent
goes to jail.
Work is a fundamental need for all human beings. And any person who works should not have to
suffer in poverty or see their prospects diminished over time. The well-documented and extraordinary growth
of income and wealth for the top 10% of the world cannot be justified. The tired conservative maxim of the rising
tide lifting all boats (aka trickle down economics) can no longer be supported
by any reasonable person. It is neither
radical nor unreasonable to demand that the absurd fortunes of the super-rich be
repurposed for the good of humanity in creating new infrastructure, better
healthcare systems, expanded public transportation, low-cost childcare,
universal education and job training, energy transformation and other important
common societal needs.
The conservatives are correct in being suspicious of
government and its potential to grow unchecked and inefficient. But they are wrong in casting it as a pariah
and refusing to acknowledge its necessary role in an ever more complex society. Both conservatives and liberals must abandon
the tactics of puerile slander and hyperbole and roll up their sleeves to do
the hard work of forging a better government that minimizes inefficiency and
looks to the future.